Publication related to RSI or an RSI staff member
Risk of early childhood overweight/obesity following cesarean section: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND: Cesarean section is considered as a potential risk factor for early childhood (0-6 years) overweight/obesity; however, the precise magnitude of this risk remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the risk of early childhood overweight/obesity in children delivered by cesarean section through a systematic review. SEARCH STRATEGY: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched using a combination of relevant terms for cesarean section, overweight/obesity and children. SELECTION CRITERIA: Cohort studies on cesarean section deliveries in children under 6 years of age and overweight/obesity were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently screened articles and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled rates and relative risks (RR) of overweight/obesity. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty cohort studies were included. Cesarean section delivery was associated with significantly increased risks of early childhood overweight/obesity (RR 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.24), overweight (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19), and obesity (RR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12-1.34) compared to vaginal delivery. Subgroup analyses showed low heterogeneity among all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that children delivered by cesarean section may have an increased risk of developing overweight/obesity during early childhood compared to those delivered vaginally. These findings highlight the potential impact of delivery mode on the long-term health outcomes of children.
Authors
- Zhou, Chuhui, Zhou C, School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Tang, Linghong, Tang L, School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Zhou, Lepeng, Zhou L, School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Retnakaran, Ravi, Retnakaran R, Leadership Sinai Center for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Endocrinology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Krewski, Daniel, Krewski D, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; McLaughlin Center for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; Risk Science International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Wen, Shi Wu, Wen SW, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Xie, Ri-Hua, Xie RH, School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.; The Affiliated Foshan Women and Children Hospital, School of Nursing, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
BACKGROUND: Cesarean section is considered as a potential risk factor for early childhood (0-6 years) overweight/obesity; however, the precise magnitude of this risk remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the risk of early childhood overweight/obesity in children delivered by cesarean section through a systematic review. SEARCH STRATEGY: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched using a combination of relevant terms for cesarean section, overweight/obesity and children. SELECTION CRITERIA: Cohort studies on cesarean section deliveries in children under 6 years of age and overweight/obesity were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently screened articles and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled rates and relative risks (RR) of overweight/obesity. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty cohort studies were included. Cesarean section delivery was associated with significantly increased risks of early childhood overweight/obesity (RR 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.24), overweight (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19), and obesity (RR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12-1.34) compared to vaginal delivery. Subgroup analyses showed low heterogeneity among all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that children delivered by cesarean section may have an increased risk of developing overweight/obesity during early childhood compared to those delivered vaginally. These findings highlight the potential impact of delivery mode on the long-term health outcomes of children.
